Green Card Through Marriage: Timeline, Requirements & Process

Marriage to a U.S. citizen or permanent resident is one of the most common paths to obtaining a green card. However, the process involves multiple steps, extensive documentation, and careful preparation. At Justice For All, we guide couples through every stage of the marriage-based green card process.

Immediate Relative vs. Preference Category

If you are married to a U.S. citizen, you are classified as an immediate relative. This means there is no numerical limit on visas, and you can apply for a green card immediately without waiting for a visa number to become available.

If your spouse is a permanent resident (green card holder), you fall under the F2A preference category. While wait times have improved, you may still need to wait until your priority date becomes current before completing the process.

The Two-Step Process

Step 1 - I-130 Petition: The U.S. citizen or permanent resident spouse files Form I-130 (Petition for Alien Relative) to establish the qualifying relationship.

Step 2 - I-485 Adjustment of Status: If you are already in the U.S. and eligible, you can file Form I-485 to adjust your status to permanent resident. For spouses of U.S. citizens, this can be filed concurrently with the I-130.

The Marriage Interview

USCIS will schedule an interview to verify that your marriage is bona fide (genuine) and not entered into solely for immigration benefits. Both spouses must attend. The officer will ask questions about your relationship, living situation, finances, and future plans.

"We prepare our clients extensively for the marriage interview. From organizing evidence to conducting practice interviews, we ensure you are confident and ready."

Conditional Green Card (Two-Year Card)

If your marriage is less than two years old when your green card is approved, you will receive a conditional green card valid for two years. Before it expires, you must file Form I-751 to remove the conditions and obtain a permanent 10-year green card.

Current Processing Times

As of early 2026, processing times for marriage-based green cards vary by USCIS field office. Spouses of U.S. citizens typically receive their green cards within 12-24 months. Working with an attorney helps avoid RFEs (Requests for Evidence) that can cause significant delays.